linux vm 如何添加硬盤

　　fdisk -l 發(fā)現(xiàn)新加載的硬盤標(biāo)號(hào)是sdc ，也就是第三塊硬盤

　　fdisk /dev/sdc

　　Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

　　Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,

　　until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous

　　content won't be recoverable.

　　The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 2349.

　　There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,

　　and could in certain setups cause problems with:

　　1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)

　　2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs

　　(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

　　Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

　　Command (m for help): m

　　Command action

　　a toggle a bootable flag

　　b edit bsd disklabel

　　c toggle the dos compatibility flag

　　d delete a partition

　　l list known partition types

　　m print this menu

　　n add a new partition

　　o create a new empty DOS partition table

　　p print the partition table

　　q quit without saving changes

　　s create a new empty Sun disklabel

　　t change a partition's system id

　　u change display/entry units

　　v verify the partition table

　　w write table to disk and exit

　　x extra functionality (experts only)

　　Command (m for help): n

　　Command action

　　e extended

　　p primary partition (1-4)

　　e

　　Partition number (1-4): 1

　　First cylinder (1-2349, default 1):

　　Using default value 1

　　Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-2349, default 2349):

　　Using default value 2349

　　Command (m for help): w

　　The partition table has been altered!

　　Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

　　Syncing disks.

　　[root@qa ~]# mkfs -t ext3 -c /dev/sdc1

　　mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)

　　/dev/sdc1: Invalid argument passed to ext2 library while setting up superblock

　　這是應(yīng)為，在創(chuàng)建分區(qū)時(shí)添加的是擴(kuò)展分區(qū)，擴(kuò)展分區(qū)不能直接format，需要對(duì)擴(kuò)展分區(qū)再劃分出邏輯分區(qū)

　　主分區(qū),擴(kuò)展分區(qū),邏輯分區(qū)三者有什么不同?什么關(guān)系?各用在何處

　　1. 每個(gè)硬盤有一個(gè)主分區(qū)表, 其中每項(xiàng)表示一個(gè)主分區(qū), 定義了硬盤上的一段連續(xù)空間,

　　主分區(qū)可以是各種類型的, 如fat, linux ext2, fat32, ntfs等等

　　2. 主分區(qū)表有一個(gè)限制, 最多只能有四個(gè). 于是就有了擴(kuò)展分區(qū):

　　這是一個(gè)特殊的主分區(qū), 它不能直接使用, 而是象一個(gè)指針, 指向一個(gè)擴(kuò)展分區(qū)表.

　　每個(gè)硬盤只能有一個(gè)擴(kuò)展分區(qū).

　　3. 在擴(kuò)展分區(qū)表中定義的分區(qū)就叫邏輯分區(qū), 它的功能, 作用和主分區(qū)類似,

　　但被限制在擴(kuò)展分區(qū)所定義的空間大小范圍內(nèi).

　　[root@qa ~]# fdisk /dev/sdc

　　The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 2349.

　　There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,

　　and could in certain setups cause problems with:

　　1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)

　　2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs

　　(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

　　Command (m for help): m

　　Command action

　　a toggle a bootable flag

　　b edit bsd disklabel

　　c toggle the dos compatibility flag

　　d delete a partition

　　l list known partition types

　　m print this menu

　　n add a new partition

　　o create a new empty DOS partition table

　　p print the partition table

　　q quit without saving changes

　　s create a new empty Sun disklabel

　　t change a partition's system id

　　u change display/entry units

　　v verify the partition table

　　w write table to disk and exit

　　x extra functionality (experts only)

　　Command (m for help): n

　　Command action

　　l logical (5 or over)

　　p primary partition (1-4)

　　l 5

　　First cylinder (1-2349, default 1):

　　Using default value 1

　　Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-2349, default 2349):

　　Using default value 2349

　　Command (m for help): w

　　The partition table has been altered!

　　Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

　　Syncing disks.

　　擴(kuò)展分區(qū)的邏輯化完成了。

　　現(xiàn)在format：

　　[root@qa ~]# mkfs -t ext3 -c /dev/sdc5

　　mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)

　　Could not stat /dev/sdc5 --- No such file or directory

　　The device apparently does not exist; did you specify it correctly?

　　[root@qa ~]# mkfs -t ext3 -c /dev/sdc5

　　mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)

　　Filesystem label=

　　OS type: Linux

　　Block size=4096 (log=2)

　　Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

　　2359296 inodes, 4717069 blocks

　　235853 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

　　First data block=0

　　Maximum filesystem blocks=0

　　144 block groups

　　32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

　　16384 inodes per group

　　Superblock backups stored on blocks:

　　32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,

　　4096000

　　Checking for bad blocks (read-only test): done

　　Writing inode tables: done

　　Creating journal (32768 blocks): done

　　Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

　　This filesystem will be automatically checked every 29 mounts or

　　180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

　　掛載

　　mount /dev/sdc5 /srv

　　把掛載添加到分區(qū)表中，這樣系統(tǒng)每次啟動(dòng)的時(shí)候就自動(dòng)掛載這個(gè)分區(qū)

　　vi /etc/fstab

　　添加

　　/dev/sdc5 /srv ext3 defaults 0 0

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