文章內容

Linux下虛擬主機配置

發布時間: 2012/8/5 13:27:12

　目標，在Linux進行apache2.2版本和tomcat6版本的虛擬主機配置。有些時候apache2.2是不能將請求轉發給tomcat的（例如直接處理靜態頁面的顯示），所以我們直接用ajp代理之類的簡單策略就沒有辦法區分動態項目和靜態項目處理方式了。在這個方面，tomcat早有準備，推出了tomcat-connectors進行了支持。
　　前期安裝：
　　1、apache已經完全安裝到了/usr/local/apache2.2目錄下了，web服務端口是80。啟動后是apache的it works！提示
　　2、tomcat6已經安裝到了/usr/local/tomcat6目錄下了。8009端口開發，web服務端口是8080。啟動后是tomcat的默認頁。
　　我在tomcat6的webapps下已經部署了兩個jsp項目MicTrader 和MicSeller。通過
　　http://ip:8080/MicTrader和http://ip:8080/MicSeller能訪問
　　3、jdk已經安裝了，并且上邊的兩個服務已經可用了
　　4、linux的RedHat4版本，相關編譯包已經ok了
　　下載：
　　1、connector包：Apache Tomcat Connectors (mod_jk) 1.2.30 for Linux i586
　　命令：wget http://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-connectors/jk/binaries/linux/jk-1.2.30/i586/mod_jk-1.2.30-httpd-2.2.X.so
　　注意：http://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-connectors/jk/binaries/linux/jk-1.2.30/i586/這個頁面有介紹當前版本支持的linux版本以及apache和tomcat的版本，千萬別下載錯了版本，否則linux的系統不支持訪問
　　2、下載后的so文件名：mod_jk-1.2.30-httpd-2.2.X.so
　　將文件拷貝并重命名到：/usr/local/apache2.2/modules/mod_jk.so
　　給文件賦予系統讀寫權限：cd /usr/local/apache2.2/modules
　　chmod 777 mod_jk.so
　　3、進行相關文件的配置(操作前請備份一份)
　　（1）、配置httpd.conf。注意內部標注add by kongqz的地方。都是我加上去的。主要是進行了mod_jk.so模塊加載，以及虛擬主機的配置兩個配置工作
　　#
　　# This is the main Apache HTTP server configuration file. It contains the
　　# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.
　　# See <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2> for detailed information.
　　# In particular, see
　　# <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/directives.html>
　　# for a discussion of each configuration directive.
　　#
　　# Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding
　　# what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure
　　# consult the online docs. You have been warned.
　　#
　　# Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many
　　# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the
　　# server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin
　　# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo_log"
　　# with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/apache2.2" will be interpreted by the
　　# server as "/usr/local/apache2.2/logs/foo_log".
　　#
　　# ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's
　　# configuration, error, and log files are kept.
　　#
　　# Do not add a slash at the end of the directory path. If you point
　　# ServerRoot at a non-local disk, be sure to point the LockFile directive
　　# at a local disk. If you wish to share the same ServerRoot for multiple
　　# httpd daemons, you will need to change at least LockFile and PidFile.
　　#
　　ServerRoot "/usr/local/apache2.2"
　　#
　　# Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or
　　# ports, instead of the default. See also the <VirtualHost>
　　# directive.
　　#
　　# Change this to Listen on specific IP addresses as shown below to
　　# prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses.
　　#
　　#Listen 12.34.56.78:80
　　Listen 80
　　#
　　# Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support
　　#
　　# To be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you
　　# have to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the
　　# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.
　　# Statically compiled modules (those listed by `httpd -l') do not need
　　# to be loaded here.
　　#
　　# Example:
　　# LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so
　　#
　　LoadModule authn_file_module modules/mod_authn_file.so
　　LoadModule authn_dbm_module modules/mod_authn_dbm.so
　　LoadModule authn_anon_module modules/mod_authn_anon.so
　　LoadModule authn_dbd_module modules/mod_authn_dbd.so
　　LoadModule authn_default_module modules/mod_authn_default.so
　　LoadModule authz_host_module modules/mod_authz_host.so
　　LoadModule authz_groupfile_module modules/mod_authz_groupfile.so
　　LoadModule authz_user_module modules/mod_authz_user.so
　　LoadModule authz_dbm_module modules/mod_authz_dbm.so
　　LoadModule authz_owner_module modules/mod_authz_owner.so
　　LoadModule authz_default_module modules/mod_authz_default.so
　　LoadModule auth_basic_module modules/mod_auth_basic.so
　　LoadModule auth_digest_module modules/mod_auth_digest.so
　　LoadModule dbd_module modules/mod_dbd.so
　　LoadModule dumpio_module modules/mod_dumpio.so
　　LoadModule reqtimeout_module modules/mod_reqtimeout.so
　　LoadModule ext_filter_module modules/mod_ext_filter.so
　　LoadModule include_module modules/mod_include.so
　　LoadModule filter_module modules/mod_filter.so
　　LoadModule substitute_module modules/mod_substitute.so
　　LoadModule deflate_module modules/mod_deflate.so
　　LoadModule log_config_module modules/mod_log_config.so
　　LoadModule log_forensic_module modules/mod_log_forensic.so
　　LoadModule logio_module modules/mod_logio.so
　　LoadModule env_module modules/mod_env.so
　　LoadModule mime_magic_module modules/mod_mime_magic.so
　　LoadModule cern_meta_module modules/mod_cern_meta.so
　　LoadModule expires_module modules/mod_expires.so
　　LoadModule headers_module modules/mod_headers.so
　　LoadModule ident_module modules/mod_ident.so
　　LoadModule usertrack_module modules/mod_usertrack.so
　　LoadModule unique_id_module modules/mod_unique_id.so
　　LoadModule setenvif_module modules/mod_setenvif.so
　　LoadModule version_module modules/mod_version.so
　　LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
　　LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
　　LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so
　　LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
　　LoadModule proxy_scgi_module modules/mod_proxy_scgi.so
　　LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
　　LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so
　　LoadModule mime_module modules/mod_mime.so
　　LoadModule dav_module modules/mod_dav.so
　　LoadModule status_module modules/mod_status.so
　　LoadModule autoindex_module modules/mod_autoindex.so
　　LoadModule asis_module modules/mod_asis.so
　　LoadModule info_module modules/mod_info.so
　　LoadModule cgi_module modules/mod_cgi.so
　　LoadModule dav_fs_module modules/mod_dav_fs.so
　　LoadModule vhost_alias_module modules/mod_vhost_alias.so
　　LoadModule negotiation_module modules/mod_negotiation.so
　　LoadModule dir_module modules/mod_dir.so
　　LoadModule imagemap_module modules/mod_imagemap.so
　　LoadModule actions_module modules/mod_actions.so
　　LoadModule speling_module modules/mod_speling.so
　　LoadModule userdir_module modules/mod_userdir.so
　　LoadModule alias_module modules/mod_alias.so
　　LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so
　　#add by kongqz 20101214
　　LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so
　　#AddModule mod_jk.c
　　Include /usr/local/apache2.2/conf/mod_jk.conf
　　<IfModule !mpm_netware_module>
　　<IfModule !mpm_winnt_module>
　　#
　　# If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must run
　　# httpd as root initially and it will switch.
　　#
　　# User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.
　　# It is usually good practice to create a dedicated user and group for
　　# running httpd, as with most system services.
　　#
　　User daemon
　　Group daemon
　　</IfModule>
　　</IfModule>
　　# 'Main' server configuration
　　#
　　# The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'
　　# server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a
　　# <VirtualHost> definition. These values also provide defaults for
　　# any <VirtualHost> containers you may define later in the file.
　　#
　　# All of these directives may appear inside <VirtualHost> containers,
　　# in which case these default settings will be overridden for the
　　# virtual host being defined.
　　#
　　#
　　# ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be
　　# e-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, such
　　# as error documents. e.g. admin@your-domain.com
　　#
　　ServerAdmin you@example.com
　　#
　　# ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself.
　　# This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify
　　# it explicitly to prevent problems during startup.
　　#
　　# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.
　　#
　　#ServerName www.example.com:80
　　#
　　# DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your
　　# documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but
　　# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.
　　#
　　DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache2.2/htdocs"
　　#
　　# Each directory to which Apache has access can be configured with respect
　　# to which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in that
　　# directory (and its subdirectories).
　　#
　　# First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set of
　　# features.
　　#
　　<Directory />
　　Options FollowSymLinks
　　AllowOverride None
　　Order deny,allow
　　Deny from all
　　</Directory>
　　#
　　# Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow
　　# particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as
　　# you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it
　　# below.
　　#
　　#
　　# This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.
　　#
　　<Directory "/usr/local/apache2.2/htdocs">
　　#
　　# Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",
　　# or any combination of:
　　# Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews
　　#
　　# Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"
　　# doesn't give it to you.
　　#
　　# The Options directive is both complicated and important. Please see
　　# http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/core.html#options
　　# for more information.
　　#
　　Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
　　#
　　# AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.
　　# It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:
　　# Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
　　#
　　AllowOverride None
　　#
　　# Controls who can get stuff from this server.
　　#
　　Order allow,deny
　　Allow from all
　　</Directory>
　　#
　　# DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory
　　# is requested.
　　#
　　<IfModule dir_module>
　　DirectoryIndex index.html index.jsp
　　</IfModule>
　　#
　　# The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being
　　# viewed by Web clients.
　　#
　　<FilesMatch "^\.ht">
　　Order allow,deny
　　Deny from all
　　Satisfy All
　　</FilesMatch>
　　#
　　# ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.
　　# If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost>
　　# container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be
　　# logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost>
　　# container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.
　　#
　　ErrorLog "logs/error_log"
　　#
　　# LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log.
　　# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
　　# alert, emerg.
　　#
　　LogLevel warn
　　<IfModule log_config_module>
　　#
　　# The following directives define some format nicknames for use with
　　# a CustomLog directive (see below).
　　#
　　LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined
　　LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common
　　<IfModule logio_module>
　　# You need to enable mod_logio.c to use %I and %O
　　LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio
　　</IfModule>
　　#
　　# The location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format).
　　# If you do not define any access logfiles within a <VirtualHost>
　　# container, they will be logged here. Contrariwise, if you *do*
　　# define per-<VirtualHost> access logfiles, transactions will be
　　# logged therein and *not* in this file.
　　#
　　CustomLog "logs/access_log" common
　　#
　　# If you prefer a logfile with access, agent, and referer information
　　# (Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive.
　　#
　　#CustomLog "logs/access_log" combined
　　</IfModule>
　　<IfModule alias_module>
　　#
　　# Redirect: Allows you to tell clients about documents that used to
　　# exist in your server's namespace, but do not anymore. The client
　　# will make a new request for the document at its new location.
　　# Example:
　　# Redirect permanent /foo http://www.example.com/bar
　　#
　　# Alias: Maps web paths into filesystem paths and is used to
　　# access content that does not live under the DocumentRoot.
　　# Example:
　　# Alias /webpath /full/filesystem/path
　　#
　　# If you include a trailing / on /webpath then the server will
　　# require it to be present in the URL. You will also likely
　　# need to provide a <Directory> section to allow access to
　　# the filesystem path.
　　#
　　# ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts.
　　# ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that
　　# documents in the target directory are treated as applications and
　　# run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the
　　# client. The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias
　　# directives as to Alias.
　　#
　　ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/usr/local/apache2.2/cgi-bin/"
　　</IfModule>
　　<IfModule cgid_module>
　　#
　　# ScriptSock: On threaded servers, designate the path to the UNIX
　　# socket used to communicate with the CGI daemon of mod_cgid.
　　#
　　#Scriptsock logs/cgisock
　　</IfModule>
　　#
　　# "/usr/local/apache2.2/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased
　　# CGI directory exists, if you have that configured.
　　#
　　<Directory "/usr/local/apache2.2/cgi-bin">
　　AllowOverride None
　　Options None
　　Order allow,deny
　　Allow from all
　　</Directory>
　　#
　　# DefaultType: the default MIME type the server will use for a document
　　# if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions.
　　# If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is
　　# a good value. If most of your content is binary, such as applications
　　# or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead to
　　# keep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they are
　　# text.
　　#
　　DefaultType text/plain
　　<IfModule mime_module>
　　#
　　# TypesConfig points to the file containing the list of mappings from
　　# filename extension to MIME-type.
　　#
　　TypesConfig conf/mime.types
　　#
　　# AddType allows you to add to or override the MIME configuration
　　# file specified in TypesConfig for specific file types.
　　#
　　#AddType application/x-gzip .tgz
　　#
　　# AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers uncompress
　　# information on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this.
　　#
　　#AddEncoding x-compress .Z
　　#AddEncoding x-gzip .gz .tgz
　　#
　　# If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you
　　# probably should define those extensions to indicate media types:
　　#
　　AddType application/x-compress .Z
　　AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz
　　#
　　# AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers":
　　# actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server
　　# or added with the Action directive (see below)
　　#
　　# To use CGI scripts outside of ScriptAliased directories:
　　# (You will also need to add "ExecCGI" to the "Options" directive.)
　　#
　　#AddHandler cgi-script .cgi
　　# For type maps (negotiated resources):
　　#AddHandler type-map var
　　#
　　# Filters allow you to process content before it is sent to the client.
　　#
　　# To parse .shtml files for server-side includes (SSI):
　　# (You will also need to add "Includes" to the "Options" directive.)
　　#
　　#AddType text/html .shtml
　　#AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml
　　</IfModule>
　　#
　　# The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from the
　　# contents of the file itself to determine its type. The MIMEMagicFile
　　# directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located.
　　#
　　#MIMEMagicFile conf/magic
　　#
　　# Customizable error responses come in three flavors:
　　# 1) plain text 2) local redirects 3) external redirects
　　#
　　# Some examples:
　　#ErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo."
　　#ErrorDocument 404 /missing.html
　　#ErrorDocument 404 "/cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl"
　　#ErrorDocument 402 http://www.example.com/subscription_info.html
　　#
　　#
　　# EnableMMAP and EnableSendfile: On systems that support it,
　　# memory-mapping or the sendfile syscall is used to deliver
　　# files. This usually improves server performance, but must
　　# be turned off when serving from networked-mounted
　　# filesystems or if support for these functions is otherwise
　　# broken on your system.
　　#
　　#EnableMMAP off
　　#EnableSendfile off
　　# Supplemental configuration
　　#
　　# The configuration files in the conf/extra/ directory can be
　　# included to add extra features or to modify the default configuration of
　　# the server, or you may simply copy their contents here and change as
　　# necessary.
　　# Server-pool management (MPM specific)
　　#Include conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf
　　# Multi-language error messages
　　#Include conf/extra/httpd-multilang-errordoc.conf
　　# Fancy directory listings
　　#Include conf/extra/httpd-autoindex.conf
　　# Language settings
　　#Include conf/extra/httpd-languages.conf
　　User home directories
　　#Include conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf
　　# Real-time info on requests and configuration
　　#Include conf/extra/httpd-info.conf
　　# Virtual hosts
　　#Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
　　# Local access to the Apache HTTP Server Manual
　　#Include conf/extra/httpd-manual.conf
　　# Distributed authoring and versioning (WebDAV)
　　#Include conf/extra/httpd-dav.conf
　　# Various default settings
　　#Include conf/extra/httpd-default.conf
　　#add by kongqz 20101214
　　NameVirtualHost *:80
　　<VirtualHost *:80>
　　DocumentRoot /usr/local/tomcat6/webapps/MicSeller
　　ServerName seller.linuxidc.com
　　ErrorLog logs/seller-error_log.log
　　CustomLog logs/seller-access_log.log common
　　JkMount /* worker1
　　</VirtualHost>
　　<VirtualHost *:80>
　　DocumentRoot /usr/local/tomcat6/webapps/MicTrader
　　ServerName trader.linuxidc.com
　　ErrorLog logs/trader-error_log.log
　　CustomLog logs/trader-access_log.log common
　　JkMount /* worker1
　　</VirtualHost>
　　# Secure (SSL/TLS) connections
　　#Include conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf
　　#
　　# Note: The following must must be present to support
　　# starting without SSL on platforms with no /dev/random equivalent
　　# but a statically compiled-in mod_ssl.
　　#
　　<IfModule ssl_module>
　　SSLRandomSeed startup builtin
　　SSLRandomSeed connect builtin
　　</IfModule>
　　（2）、增加mod_jk.conf配置文件。這里我將host表中的ip指向服務器，并將域名seller.linuxidc.com和trader.linuxidc.com也一并指向到此服務器
　　JkWorkersFile /usr/local/apache2.2/conf/workers.properties
　　# Where to put jk logs
　　JkLogFile /usr/local/apache2.2/logs/mod_jk.log
　　# Set the jk log level [debug/error/info]
　　JkLogLevel info
　　# Select the log format
　　JkLogStampFormat "[%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y]"
　　# JkOptions indicate to send SSL KEY SIZE,
　　JkOptions +ForwardKeySize +ForwardURICompat -ForwardDirectories
　　# JkRequestLogFormat set the request format
　　JkRequestLogFormat "%w %V %T"
　　JkMount /servlet/* worker1
　　JkMount /*.jsp worker1
　　JkMount /MicSeller/* worker1
　　JkMount /MicTrader/* worker1
　　（3）、增加配置文件workers.properties
　　# Defining a worker named worker1 and of type ajp13
　　worker.list=worker1
　　# Set properties for worker1
　　worker.worker1.type=ajp13
　　worker.worker1.host=localhost
　　worker.worker1.port=8009
　　worker.worker1.lbfactor=50
　　worker.worker1.cachesize=10
　　worker.worker1.cache_timeout=600
　　worker.worker1.socket_keepalive=1
　　worker.worker1.socket_timeout=300
　　4、進行訪問：
　　配合上邊的三個文件的配置，我就可以通過
　　http://seller.linuxidc.com/MicSeller/
　　http://trader.linuxidc.com/MicTrader/
　　訪問指定的項目了
　　5、如果是靜態html文件項目的訪問咋辦？
　　就在我們的http.conf項目中的配置更改如下：
　　<VirtualHost *:80>
　　DocumentRoot /usr/local/static
　　ServerName static.linuxidc.com
　　ErrorLog logs/static-error_log.log
　　CustomLog logs/static-access_log.log common
　　# JkMount /* worker1
　　</VirtualHost>
　　就是不做轉發了，將JkMount 這行去掉
　　6、如果是我想配合php也一并部署到一個節點上行嗎？
　　經過測試，在windows下沒有問題。安裝完畢php后，直接配置部署php相關模塊在httpd.conf中，還是老樣子，只要不指定JkMount.請求就不會轉發到tomcat。
　　總結：上邊我只是配置了java項目的虛擬主機配置方案。更多的時候是為了兼容php或者apache直接進行靜態文件的訪問。如果只是想在tomcat前放個apache，有更簡單的方法，ajp反向代理，直接進行8009端口轉發。